该篇文章我们主要介绍MySQL Replication环境搭建的过程，以实现数据库负载均衡。MySQL Replication环境搭建的具体过程如下：
环境：两台ubuntu，一台做Master，一台Slave。
Master: ubuntub(192.168.1.101)
Slave: ubuntuc(192.168.1.104)
Master上的配置如下:
ubuntub@ubuntub:/etc/mysql$ sudo vi my.cnf #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 //注释掉 server-id = 1 // 给master设置为1，给slave设置为2 log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log ubuntub@ubuntub:/etc/mysql$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart ubuntub@ubuntub:/etc/mysql$ mysql -uroot -p mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'rep_user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'rep_password'; mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 261 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.02 sec) mysql> use rep; mysql> select * from user; +-------+----+ | name | id | +-------+----+ | B | 1 | | user3 | 2 | +-------+----+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) ubuntub@ubuntub:/data/mysql_bak$ mysqldump -uroot -p rep > dbdump.sql ubuntub@ubuntub:/data/mysql_bak$ mysql -u root -p mysql> UNLOCK TABLES; ubuntub@ubuntub:/data/mysql_bak$ scp /data/mysql_bak/dbdump.sql ubuntuc@192.168.1.104:/data/ //把备份数据倒倒slave上
在Slave上的配置:
ubuntuc@ubuntuc:/data$ sudo vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 server-id = 2 log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log ubuntuc@ubuntuc:/etc/mysql$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart ubuntuc@ubuntuc:/data$ mysql -u root -p mysql> use rep; mysql> source /data/dbdump.sql //把数据导入 mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO //Change Master -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.101', -> MASTER_USER='rep_user', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='rep_password', -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', -> MASTER_LOG_POS=261; mysql> START SLAVE; mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000002 | 746 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ mysql> show slave status; //查看一下没有错误，比如server-id有冲突的话，可能会导致一些错误。
测试：
1）在Master上创建一个数据库，然后在Slave上查看，show databases; 应该是看到的是；
2） Master上对rep数据库的user表进行操作，结果立即复制倒slave上；
关于MySQL Replication环境搭建的知识就介绍到这里，如果您想了解更多关于MySQL数据库的知识，可以看一下这里的文章：http://database.51cto.com/mysql/，相信一定会带给您收获的！