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Android Include布局和Fragment滑动切换屏幕

发布时间:2014-11-10 00:00 来源:Eastmount的专栏

前面的文章已经讲述了”随手拍”项目图像处理的技术部分,该篇文章主要是主界面的布局及屏幕滑动切换,并结合鸿洋大神的视频和郭神的第一行代码(强推两人Android博客),完成了下面的内容:

(1).学习使用Include布局XML
(2).通过添加适配器加载fragment
(3).实现滑动触摸切换屏幕viewPager
(4).改变图标及背景,并响应fragment中控件及传递参数

一. 运行效果

如下图所示,滑动屏幕可以切换布局”空间”、”相册”、”关注”.同时会有图标颜色变蓝,背景颜色加深的效果.

Android Include布局和Fragment滑动切换屏幕 Android Include布局和Fragment滑动切换屏幕

同时添加了按钮事件,在fragment1中点击按钮显示内容,在fragment3中点击按钮获取第二个布局内容并显示.

Android Include布局和Fragment滑动切换屏幕 Android Include布局和Fragment滑动切换屏幕

二. 项目工程结构

Android Include布局和Fragment滑动切换屏幕

三. Include布局XML文件

首先添加头部布局top_layout.xml,采用相对布局,右边两图标:

< xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" >
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="50dp"
    android:paddingLeft="12dp"
    android:paddingRight="12dp"
    android:background="@drawable/image_toolbar_bg" >
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >
        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="30dp"
            android:layout_height="30dp"
            android:src="@drawable/icon_suishoupai" />
    	<TextView
    	    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    	    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    	    android:layout_marginLeft="12dp"
    	    android:text="随手拍"
    	    android:textSize="15sp"
    	    android:layout_gravity="center"
    	    android:textColor="#ffffff" />
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >
        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="30dp"
            android:layout_height="30dp"
            android:src="@drawable/image_top_watch" />
        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="30dp"
            android:layout_height="30dp"
            android:src="@drawable/image_top_add" />
    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

然后添加底部布局bottom_layout.xml,由3个LinearLayout水平布局组成,其中每个LinearLayout有ImageView和TextView组成:

< xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" >
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="40dp"
    android:background="@drawable/image_toolbar_bg"
    android:orientation="horizontal" >
	<LinearLayout  
	    android:id="@+id/bottomLayout1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:gravity="center"  
        android:background="@drawable/image_toolbar_bg_sel"
		android:orientation="vertical" >  
        <ImageView  
            android:id="@+id/image1"  
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
            android:padding="1dp" 
            android:src="@drawable/image_bottom_effect" />  
        <TextView  
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
            android:layout_height="15dp"   
            android:text="空间"  
            android:textColor="#ffffff"  
            android:textSize="10dp" />  
     </LinearLayout>
     <LinearLayout  
        android:id="@+id/bottomLayout2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:gravity="center"  
		android:orientation="vertical" >  
        <ImageView  
            android:id="@+id/image2"  
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
            android:padding="1dp" 
            android:src="@drawable/image_bottom_frame_no" />  
        <TextView  
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
            android:layout_height="15dp"   
            android:text="相册"  
            android:textColor="#ffffff"  
            android:textSize="10dp" />  
     </LinearLayout> 
     <LinearLayout  
        android:id="@+id/bottomLayout3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:gravity="center"  
		android:orientation="vertical" >  
        <ImageView  
            android:id="@+id/image3"  
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
            android:padding="1dp" 
            android:src="@drawable/image_bottom_person_no" />  
        <TextView  
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
            android:layout_height="15dp"   
            android:text="关注"  
            android:textColor="#ffffff"  
            android:textSize="10dp" />  
     </LinearLayout> 
</LinearLayout>

最后在activity_main.xml中调用Include布局,ViewPager用于加载不同的fragment,并实现触屏切换在该控件上:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
 	android:orientation="vertical">

    <include layout="@layout/top_layout"/>
    <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
        android:id="@+id/viewpager1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:background="#ccffff"
        android:layout_weight="1" />
   <include layout="@layout/bottom_layout"/>

</LinearLayout>

在MainActivity.java中onCreate函数设置无标题requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE),在xml文件中可设置Frame预览效果无标题,显示布局如下图所示:

Android Include布局和Fragment滑动切换屏幕

四. 实现触屏切换fragment

首先设置Fragment的布局XML文件,fragment_layout1.xml如下,其他类似:
< xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" >
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="25sp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="The First Fragment" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Button1" />
</LinearLayout>

然后添加FragmentFirst.java、FragmentSecond.java和FragmentThird,其中FragmentSecond.java如下,其他类似:

package com.example.layouttest;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

public class FragmentSecond extends Fragment {

	@Override  
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {        
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_layout2, container, false);       
    }   
}

PS:由于刚学习Android一个月,所以文章很基础,在新建类中可以点击”浏览”自定义添加继承超类或点击”添加”增加接口,此处继承Fragment.注意”import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;”所有的需要一致.

Android Include布局和Fragment滑动切换屏幕

然后设置MainActivity.java,代码如下:

package com.example.layouttest;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.view.Window;

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {

	//注意:导入时均为support.v4.app/view 保持一致
	private ViewPager viewPager1;
	private FragmentPagerAdapter fpAdapter;
	private List<Fragment> listData;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        //注意:设置无标题需要在setContentView前调用 否则会崩溃
        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //初始化设置ViewPager
        setViewPager();
    }
	private void setViewPager() {
		//初始化数据
		viewPager1 = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.viewpager1);
		listData = new ArrayList<Fragment>();
		FragmentFirst fragmentFirst = new FragmentFirst();
		FragmentSecond fragmentSecond = new FragmentSecond();
		FragmentThird fragmentThird = new FragmentThird();
		//三个布局加入列表
		listData.add(fragmentFirst);
		listData.add(fragmentSecond);
		listData.add(fragmentThird);
		//ViewPager相当于一组件容器 实现页面切换
		fpAdapter =new FragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager())
		{
			@Override
			public int getCount()
			{
				return listData.size();
			}
			@Override
			public Fragment getItem(int arg0)
			{
				return listData.get(arg0);
			}
		};
		//设置适配器
		viewPager1.setAdapter(fpAdapter);
	}
}

此时即可实现触屏切换效果,但同时需要注意:
(1).需要把MainActivity继承从Activity改为FragmentActivity.
(2).可能会遇到错误”类型对于参数(FragmentFirst)不适用”,你需要把导入修改”import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;”同时注意support.v4.app/view 保持一致.

五. 实现滑屏变换图标

此时设置底部滑动切换的图标时需要添加自定义变量:

//底部图标
private ImageView image1;
private ImageView image2;
private ImageView image3;
private LinearLayout layout1;
private LinearLayout layout2;
private LinearLayout layout3;

然后,在setViewPager()函数中”viewPager1.setAdapter(fpAdapter)”后添加如下代码即可实现,其中switch中0、1、2对应listData中装入的三个布局:

//初始化图标
image1 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image1);
image2 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image2);
image3 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image3);
layout1 = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.bottomLayout1);
layout2 = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.bottomLayout2);
layout3 = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.bottomLayout3);
//滑屏变换图标
viewPager1.setOnPageChangeListener(new OnPageChangeListener() {
	@Override
	public void onPageSelected(int arg0)
	{
		switch(arg0)
		{
		case 0:
			//图片切换
			image1.setImageDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.image_bottom_effect));
			image2.setImageDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.image_bottom_frame_no));
			image3.setImageDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.image_bottom_person_no));
			//背景加深
			layout1.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.image_toolbar_bg_sel);  
			layout2.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.image_toolbar_bg);  
			layout3.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.image_toolbar_bg);  
			break;
		case 1:
			//图片切换
			image1.setImageDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.image_bottom_effect_no));
			image2.setImageDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.image_bottom_frame));
			image3.setImageDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.image_bottom_person_no));
			//背景加深
			layout1.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.image_toolbar_bg);  
			layout2.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.image_toolbar_bg_sel);  
			layout3.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.image_toolbar_bg);  
			break;
		case 2:
			//图片切换
			image1.setImageDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.image_bottom_effect_no));
			image2.setImageDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.image_bottom_frame_no));
			image3.setImageDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.image_bottom_person));
			//背景加深
			layout1.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.image_toolbar_bg);  
			layout2.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.image_toolbar_bg);  
			layout3.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.image_toolbar_bg_sel);  
			break;
		}
	}
	@Override
	public void onPageScrolled(int arg0, float arg1, int arg2)
	{

	}
	@Override
	public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int arg0)
	{

	}
});

六. 调用Fragment中按钮及传递参数

设置FragmentFirst.java文件,通过onActivityCreated函数实现点击按钮事件:

public class FragmentFirst extends Fragment {

	@Override  
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {        
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_layout1, container, false);       
    }   

	@Override
	public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
		//添加Fragment1的响应事件
		Button button1 = (Button) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.button1);
		button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {  
            @Override  
            public void onClick(View v) {  
                TextView textView1 = (TextView) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.textView1);
                textView1.setText("在fragment1中点击按钮");
            }  
        });  
	}
}

FragmentThird.java实现点击Fragment3中按钮获取Fragment2中数据:

public class FragmentThird extends Fragment {

	@Override  
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {        
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_layout3, container, false);       
    }   

	@Override
	public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
		//添加Fragment3的响应事件
		Button button3 = (Button) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.button3);
		button3.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {  
            @Override  
            public void onClick(View v) {  
                TextView textView1 = (TextView) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.textView2);
                TextView textView3 = (TextView) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.textView3);
                textView3.setText("点击按钮获取fragment2信息:\n"+textView1.getText());
            }  
        });  
	}
}

PS:是否Fragment的XML文件TextView需要设置不同的id,假如Fragment1与Fragment2设置相同的textView1程序没有响应.